Control method of prickly ash tree pests and diseases

Pepper is a seasoning that we are familiar with. It is not only edible, but also a tree with high economic value. It has high medicinal value and is an important agricultural crop. Let's take a look at the pepper tree. Methods for prevention and control of pests and diseases.

First, the control of pepper disease

1. Dry rot

In the early stage of the disease, the lesions are not obvious. The epidermis of the victim is reddish brown. With the enlargement of the lesions, it is wet and rot, the skin is sunken, and there is a flow of glue. The lesions turn black, long oval, peeling off the disease. The white mycelium was observed in the diseased tissue, and the lesions were shrunk, cracked, and many orange-red dots appeared. Black particles are often produced on old lesions. Large lesions can be as long as 5-8 cm, often causing large areas of bark to rot, and whole plants are dead.

Control method:

Strengthen management, increase the application of organic fertilizer, enhance the tree potential, do a good job of antifreeze, insect prevention, anti-sunburn, reduce the invasion of germs, and timely pruning, remove diseased branches to prevent insects and prevent disease.

Scrape method is adopted, that is, the lesion is scraped off with a blade, etc., to the xylem, and then 50% thiophanate 500 times solution is applied to the wound.

After April-May and after picking peppers, the whole garden is sprayed with 1:1:100 times Bordeaux mixture or “Daqingyuan” and Topazin, 80% antibiotic (402) 100l solution.

2, pepper rust

It usually begins in the middle and late June, and the period from July to September is the peak of the disease. At the beginning of the disease, there are round spots of pale yellow lesions on the back of the leaves. As the lesions enlarge, they appear yellow-brown and arranged in a ring shape.

Control method:

In the early stage of the disease, spray an equal amount of 100 times Bordeaux mixture.

At the peak of the disease, spray 65% ​​of the Dyson Zinc 500 times solution 2-3 times, or spray 0.2 Bomei stone sulphur mixture.

3, anthracnose

The disease mainly harms the fruit. At the beginning of the disease, there are several small brown spots on the surface of the fruit, which are irregularly distributed. The late lesions turn brown or black, round or nearly round, and the central depression, from late June to late July each year. It started to develop, and it entered the peak period in August.

Control method:

Strengthen the management of the pepper garden and pay attention to the ventilation and light transmission of the pepper garden.

In mid-June, you can spray 1:1:200 times Bordeaux mixture or 50% sterilized 800 times solution. At the peak of the disease, you can spray 1:1:100 times of Boer or Mancozeb 800 times.

4, blight disease

The disease mainly harms the young shoots of the year. It was not obvious at first, and the young shoots died and erect in the later stage, and taupe long-shaped lesions were produced on the branchlets. Many black spots on the lesion, the epidermis is slightly prominent. The onset of the disease began in late June, and the period from July to August is the peak period.

Control method:

Found the shoots and cut off the burns in time.

In the onset period, spray 70% thiophanate 1000 times, or 65% sensitized zinc 400 times, 40% Fumei arsenic 800 times.

Second, the control of pepper pests

1. Peppercorns

The insect mainly harms the sprouts of pepper. In late February, the newly hatched nymph was orange-transparent, and gradually became meat red after feeding. The female emerged in mid-April, and the main part of the spawning was in the leaf back. In late April, it was the spawning period, and the egg stage was 15 days. about.

Control method:

The exit period (late February to mid-April): From the beginning of March, daily field observations are 2-3 times. When the nymphs are released from a large number of cockroaches, the spraying starts: spraying "shell killing" or "killing the net" "800-1000 times liquid; spray "Histamine Phosphate" 1500 times + equivalent "Bai Liping"; spray "speed extinguish" 1000 times.

Egg period (late April to mid-May): It can spray "Histamine Phosphate" 1500 times + equal amount "Bai Liping".

Nymphal stage (late June to late October): can spray "shell fast kill" or "killing dead" 800 times liquid; spray "killing sweep" 2000 times liquid; spray "acesulfame" 1500 times + etc. The amount is "damaged."

Wintering period: During the dormant period of the tree, it can spray 3-5 wave of Meteorite sulphur mixture; "power kills" 800 times; "kills the net" 800 times liquid.

2, pepper narrow Jiding

Year after year, larvae overwinter in branches and xylem or subcutaneous, and begin activities in late April of the second year. From late April to late June, it is the peak of phlegm and from late May to early July. During the period of spawning, from the end of June to the beginning of August, the larva hatching period is reached, and the larval period is more than 10 months, with April and June as the serious period of damage.

Control method:

From the end of April to the beginning of May, the overwintering larvae in the gumming period and the early hatching larvae in the early June are used to hammer the gums with hammers, stones, etc., killing the larvae, and then using a knife to pour the gelatinous parts. Dry, cracked, rotted or large-sized plastic bottles are scraped together, scraped to good skin, and then applied 20-50 times of "speed extinguish".

From the middle of May to the end of June, spray the canopy, such as omethoate, quick-killing, killing, killing, etc. 800-1000 times liquid, once every 7 days, even spraying 2-3 times to kill adults; June larva hatching period Use 50-100 times of "speed extinguish" to dry, 7-10 days, and even spray 2-3 times to kill the newly hatched larvae.

3, locusts

The worm can usually breed for 20-30 generations a year, and the eggs are parasitic overwinter on the pepper trees. After the hatching in March of the second year, after breeding for 2 to 3 generations on the tree, the winged oysters are produced and winged.èšœAfter April-May, flying to cotton fields or other parasitic trees to produce offspring and killing, the aphids stranded on the peppers will all migrate after the first half of June, and some winged mites will migrate from cotton fields or other parasitic trees in August. Fly to the pepper for the second time.

Control method:

Biological control: protect natural enemies. In early May, in the morning, catch insects and nets in the wheat field to catch adult insects such as the seven-spotted ladybug, larvae, and play back to the pepper branch. The ratio of the calamus is 1:200, and the artificial honeydew can also be sprayed on the pepper tree. Or sucrose liquid to lure natural enemies such as the seven-spotted ladybug.

Chemical control: The sprayer is filled with 15 kg of water, and the medicine is as follows:

1 eliminate the sweep 8 ml; 2 Huifeng crack 15 ml; 3 Kai speed up to 8 ml.

When the pests occur, compound pesticides can be used, namely: 1 ml cull 8 ml + avermectin 4 ml; 2 fire sweep 10 ml + avermectin 4 ml.

Urine wash: urea (4): washing powder (1): water (400).

Trunk application method: The time is in March and mid-March. 20-30cm from the base of the trunk, scrape off the old skin, apply the pesticides 15-20cm wide, and then wrap it in newspaper or kraft paper.

If the medication is: speed culling (1): water (20).

Through the above introduction, we now know the control methods of the disease and insect pests of the pepper. During the growth and development of the pepper, due to environmental discomfort or damage by the pathogens, there are often some insect pests and diseases that affect the growth of the fruit trees and the quality of the products. We must also do a good job in prevention and treatment.