Abstract At present, due to the slowdown of macroeconomic growth at home and abroad, the development of most domestic industries has been weak, and the graphite industry cannot be immune to it. Problems such as disorderly development, overcapacity, unreasonable industrial structure, and vicious competition have become increasingly prominent in the downturn in the development of the graphite industry. For graphite...
At present, due to the slowdown in macroeconomic growth at home and abroad, the development of most domestic industries has been weak, and the graphite industry cannot be immune to it. Problems such as disorderly development, overcapacity, unreasonable industrial structure, and vicious competition have become increasingly prominent in the downturn in the development of the graphite industry. Zhang Bin, chairman of Inner Mongolia Nisshin Energy Group Co., Ltd., is optimistic about the challenges and challenges faced by the graphite industry and how to “break out†and achieve a smooth transition, and is optimistic about the future development of the industry.
As a leading company in the domestic natural graphite industry, Inner Mongolia Rixin Energy Group Co., Ltd. has become a comprehensive energy enterprise integrating new energy, finance and coal after years of adjustment and development. In terms of graphite mining and deep processing, the group has successively established graphite enterprises such as Ruisheng New Energy Co., Ltd., Xinghe County Ruisheng Graphite Co., Ltd. and Ruisheng Mining Co., Ltd., which integrate and reorganize the superior graphite resources in Inner Mongolia and have a number of graphites. Deep processing technology and products have become the leader in the emergence of China's graphite industry.
“Overall, the development prospects of the graphite market are good, and high value-added deep processing products have not been affected by the downturn market,†Zhang Bin said. In his view, the main problem that the current graphite industry and enterprise development needs to solve is how to realize the industrialization of deep processing. The key to this is how to solve the technical bottleneck and solve the problem of lack of technical strength.
Resource integration is not an inextricable problem
“In the economic development environment, the graphite industry has also been affected, but its game rules are improving. Currently, the graphite industry is in a strategic adjustment period.†Zhang Bin said that in Inner Mongolia, the integration of graphite resources has been basically completed. Formed a development pattern led by Inner Mongolia Nisshin Energy Group Corporation.
It is understood that China's graphite resources are abundant, and the proven ore reserves are about 2 billion tons, accounting for 72% of the world's total graphite reserves. Among them, crystalline natural graphite is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Shandong and Inner Mongolia, and cryptocrystalline natural graphite is mainly distributed in Hunan and Jilin. Inner Mongolia natural crystalline graphite is mainly concentrated in Xinghe County, with reserves of 65 million tons, ranking third in the country, and is known worldwide for its unique large scale graphite; natural microcrystalline graphite is mainly concentrated in Urad, Bayannaoer City. Zhongqi, the proven ore reserves are 10.34 million tons, and the prospective reserves are 50 million tons. The total reserves are the second in the country. Compared with microcrystalline graphite in other regions, the microcrystalline graphite resources have low sulfur, low ash and easy. Mining and other characteristics.
As one of the main producing areas of natural graphite in China, in recent years, relevant departments of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region have attached great importance to the integration of graphite resources, actively coordinated the interests of all parties, and vigorously promoted the integration process, effectively curbing the phenomenon of indiscriminate mining in old mining areas. “The vast majority of China's graphite enterprises are private enterprises. The integration and reorganization will greatly improve the 'small, scattered and chaotic' situation of graphite mining, improve resource utilization and improve the market competition environment. For the whole country, Inner Mongolia graphite resources integration It can be said that it is the best in the country." Zhang Bin said.
In 2012, Xinghe County Ruisheng Graphite Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Inner Mongolia Rixin Energy Group, was awarded “National Mineral Resources Development and Integration Advanced Mine†by the Ministry of Land and Resources. All five mining rights of the original five companies in Xinghe County were integrated by Nisshin Energy Group. In this regard, Zhang Bin said that the Nisshin Group will further adjust and optimize the mineral development structure, transform the development mode, and take into account economic benefits, resource efficiency and social benefits, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the graphite mining industry in Xinghe County.
For a long time, China's graphite industry has many problems such as unreasonable industrial layout, low production concentration, and small scale of enterprises, which has caused the industry to fall into the embarrassing situation of backward technical equipment, low production efficiency and low-level redundant construction, and even indiscriminate mining. The phenomenon of enriching and abandoning poverty and illegal mining has not only caused the overall competitiveness of the industry to be insufficient, but also has wasted a lot of valuable resources. How to integrate superior resources, cultivate leading enterprises in the industry, and change the extensive operation into intensive management to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the graphite industry? Resource integration and strategic restructuring have become the best choices everywhere.
However, due to the interests of all parties, the road of resource integration and strategic restructuring of other major graphite producing areas in China is not as smooth as Inner Mongolia. In Heilongjiang, which accounts for 60% of China's total graphite reserves, although the local government has continuously promoted the integration of graphite resources, the integration work has been twisted and twisted, and even once stagnated. On the one hand, there are more and more enterprises involved in the integration, and you are competing for the “occupation of the mountainâ€. On the other hand, the practical problems in integration must be considered. The specific and practical integration plan needs continuous improvement. perfect.
According to the reporter's understanding, in the industry integration, Heilongjiang's management of graphite resources is still relatively good, its "Luobei model" is worth learning, while the graphite industry in Shandong, Hebei and other places is in a barbaric growth state. At present, due to the decline in graphite prices, the enthusiasm of the integration of the main body has been hit, which makes the future integration of graphite resources full of uncertainty.
Despite this, Zhang Bin is still full of confidence in the integration of graphite resources everywhere. “In Heilongjiang, with the intervention of graphite leading enterprises, the vicious competition in the graphite market will gradually decrease, and the market environment will be further improved. In Shandong, although the competition in the graphite industry is fierce, with the integration of graphite resources and enterprises, The market will eventually become balanced and is currently in this transitional period."
I don’t want to relax after "deep processing industrialization"
"For graphite enterprises, technology is the key to its development. Many enterprises are stuck in technology, and China's technical talents in this area are very scarce and their technical strength is weak." Speaking of the current lack of innovation in China's graphite industry, Zhang Bin expressed concern about the lack of high-tech products.
According to Zhang Bin, at present, China's graphite exports are low-end products, and most of the high-end products are imported from Japan and other countries. This has caused the whole industry to fall into a vicious circle of “lower and higherâ€. Many graphite companies can only dry for a long time. Coolie, become a "worker." "Now, the export of graphite products in some places in China has been sold to 2,000 yuan / ton, but the price of imports from Japan has soared to 100,000 yuan / ton, the price gap is very different." Zhang Bin said.
It is understood that China does not currently have the core technology of graphite deep processing, let alone the production of high-end products. These core technologies are mainly monopolized by a few countries and regions such as the United States, Japan, and the European Union, resulting in the low-cost export of China's graphite resources and primary products. Foreign countries, in turn, imported high-priced graphite high-end products at a high price, thus forming a vicious circle of “lower and higherâ€, and the overall development of the industry is not good. “In these years, although the technological progress of the graphite industry has improved, the innovation capability, technology research and development and application level of enterprises are still low, and there is a big gap between them and developed countries, lacking independent intellectual property rights and well-known brand products.â€
Based on such a clear understanding and mission, Inner Mongolia Nisshin Energy Group always attaches great importance to the introduction of new technologies and the research and development of new products, and explores a complete chain from graphite mining to deep processing, industrialization of production, education and research. the road.
From the establishment of Inner Mongolia Ruisheng New Energy Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Ruisheng Mining Co., Ltd., to the establishment of Xinghe County Ruisheng Graphite Co., Ltd., to the establishment of Ruisheng New Energy Beijing Marketing Company; from the cooperation with Tsinghua University, the signing of lithium-ion battery technology, The microcrystalline graphite project, the introduction of the high thermal conductivity graphite material technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the introduction of the graphene technology of Tianjin University, Nisshin Energy Group in the process of industrialization of graphite deep processing, frequently made a big deal.
In December 2013, as a technological leader in the industrialization of graphite deep processing of Nisshin Energy Group, Inner Mongolia Ruisheng New Energy Co., Ltd. completed a new milestone in its technological upgrading: the development of graphene-based conductive agent with Tsinghua University Shenzhen Graduate School Signing a contract with a standard-setting project is another example of cooperation between industry, academia and research.
In addition, Nisshin Energy Group is also committed to building its own technology research and development application platform. At the end of 2013, Inner Mongolia Ruisheng New Energy Co., Ltd. invested 3 million yuan to establish Inner Mongolia Ruisheng Natural Graphite Application Technology Research Institute.
At present, Inner Mongolia Ruisheng New Energy Co., Ltd. has developed into a comprehensive new energy and new material high-tech company integrating graphite product research and development, production and sales. The company not only invested in the construction of the industry-leading, domestic first-class graphite deep processing high-tech application industrial park, but also cooperated with domestic first-class institutes and scientific research institutions to build a Chinese graphite application research center integrating application, production, scientific research and teaching. The “China Graphite High-tech Industry Valley†based on the rich graphite resources of Xinghe County, one of the three largest graphite production sites in China, based on the graphite deep processing high-tech project.
“Now, we produce 12 graphite deep processing products, 4 of which are in cooperation with Tsinghua University.†Zhang Bin said that the company has a number of invention patents and proprietary technologies, including high purity graphite, expandable graphite, and flexible graphite. , spherical graphite, primary battery and lithium battery conductive agent, high thermal conductivity block graphite, high thermal conductivity graphite film, lithium ion battery anode material, high temperature lubricant, lithium ion power battery and other products, some products are the first in the country .
The newly established Ruisheng New Energy Beijing Marketing Company is a global marketing center set up by Inner Mongolia Nisshin Energy Group for domestic and domestic high-end customers such as Germany, Japan, Korea and the United States.
Like most industry insiders, Zhang Bin believes that although the graphite industry is currently facing such difficulties or difficulties, the potential of this industry is still far from being stimulated. The ability to improve R&D and innovation, deep processing and high value-added is The future direction of the development of the graphite industry.
It is understood that as a strategic mineral resource, graphite is not only widely used in general industrial and consumer fields such as electrodes, batteries, dyes, toners, but also widely used in nuclear power, chemical, aerospace, military, metallurgy, electronics, machinery, etc. Industrial field. In developed countries, graphite products have been fully developed and researched as representative of new material technologies. The unique technical characteristics of graphite and metal and non-metal determine that graphite products are bound to become one of the cutting-edge technologies of the new materials industry.
“Currently, the price of graphite has fallen and the market is sluggish, but the high value-added deep-processing products have not been greatly affected.†Zhang Bin said that this confirms the sentence from one side – “The development of new products and technologies will be promoted. The fundamental driving force of the development of the industry, the high-end core technology of graphite deep processing will become the central battlefield of the core enterprises of the graphite industry."
Industry sustainable development can not be ignored
Despite many deep-seated problems, the low-end unordered mining under unreasonable structure and the vicious competition of overcapacity have made the graphite industry, especially some graphite companies with strong management, standardized management and deep processing, miserable. . The problem of waste of resources and disorderly competition in the market is a serious constraint to the sustainable development of the graphite industry.
In the industry, some people have divided the graphite market into three stages in the past three years: the “meat market†in 2011, the “drinking market†in 2012, and the “bone market†in 2013.
At the time of “eat meat marketâ€, large and small graphite enterprises in Hebei and Shandong rushed to the top, resulting in a surge in production capacity and primary products flooding the market. Due to the uneven level of graphite enterprises, graphite mining and processing in some places have been in a low level and disordered state for a long time, which not only causes a lot of waste of resources in mining, but also causes waste of resources due to backward technological processes.
At the time of “drinking soup market†and “bone marketâ€, along with the decline of market price and industry profit, some graphite enterprises, especially workshop-type graphite enterprises, are even less able to solve process equipment than when the industry is booming. Problems such as backwardness and low management level have plunged into a vicious circle of development, even participating in the vicious competition of the market, pushing each other down, making money and earning money, ignoring the sustainable development of enterprises and industries.
In response, Zhang Bin called on graphite manufacturers to strengthen self-discipline, form a consensus, avoid vicious competition and price wars, wait for economic recovery, and establish corresponding incentive and restraint mechanisms to regulate and control bad competition among enterprises. Optimize the market environment, maintain market stability, and don't let companies fall before dawn.
Zhang Bin also paid attention to the environmental protection and clean production issues related to the sustainable development of the graphite industry. He said: "For clean production, graphite production enterprises should pay attention to it and have long-term planning. This is the main theme of social development. As part of society, enterprises should have such vision and mind."
At the same time, Zhang Bin believes that to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the graphite industry, it is imperative to protect the development of graphite resources. On the one hand, strict industry access. At the end of 2012, the “Grade Industry Access Conditions†promulgated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology set up a hurdle for the graphite industry. Some enterprises that did not meet the requirements were blocked from the door. The graphite industry was mixed and the low-level repeated construction was improved. Some enterprises with high energy consumption, low output and serious pollution have also been shut down and transferred. On the other hand, tariff adjustment, optimization of export structure of graphite products, restrictions on the export of raw ore and primary processed products, and encourage the export of deep processing and high value-added products.
In addition, in the comprehensive utilization of resources and energy conservation, Zhang Bin said that graphite companies have a lot to do. It is understood that Xinghe County Ruisheng Graphite Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Inner Mongolia Nisshin Group, has always placed comprehensive utilization of mineral resources at an important position to minimize waste of resources. They carefully analyzed and tested various elements in the ore, extracted a considerable amount of pyrite from the flotation equipment; adopted advanced drying technology, and concentrated the drying of the three selected plants, greatly reducing the graphite Drying costs, this alone can increase the annual income by more than 7 million yuan.
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