Analysis and diagnosis of locomotive rolling bearing problems

Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2014-02-22

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1 Introduction Bearings are the primary components of locomotives; especially traction motors and axlebox bearings; their functions play an insignificant effect on safe transportation; when the locomotive is running online; once the bearing is in trouble, it will cause the entire train to be inoperable; Line; especially the passenger trains have a serious impact; the negative impact of the composition is even greater; once the locomotive bearing problems occur; the repair of the locomotive is also not easy; therefore, prevent and reduce the occurrence of locomotive bearing problems; the safe transport of the locomotive appears It is very important; whether it can detect the bearing with danger before the bearing is loaded; ensuring the qualified bearing accessories on the car is the main point of this paper.
2 The bearing's faulty bearing is often not caused by a single cause; it is inductive effect in several aspects; a vicious cycle occurs under bad operating conditions; the bearing is severely burnt; therefore, after the incident, it is often very It is difficult to distinguish what constitutes the reason; it also gives us the necessary difficulties in the formulation of the association; for the convenience of comments; first analyze the causes of bearing problems from several aspects.
2.1 The abnormal wear of the bearing 2.1.1 When the bearing is used for a period of time; the bearing inner ring, the rolling ring, the cage, the outer ring, the raceway, etc. must have the disadvantages and scars; the smoothness of the bearing is formed; The heat of the bearing; long-term heating; will lead to: (1) dilution of the bearing smooth oil. (2) speed up the fatigue of the raw materials; hardness reduction. Due to the above reasons; and further constitute a vicious circle; accelerate overheating and burn the bearing. Severe bearing inner ring displacement; the rolling body is out of round; resists heat generation; ends welding together. Therefore, when running on the line; if the bearing is found to be severely heated and smokes; do not park; but keep running to the front station; At this time, the overheated bearing is in a molten state; once the parking is cooled, it can no longer walk; blocking the positive line.
2.1.2 is very important for the oil supply protection of the locomotive bearing; especially the excessive oiling of the bearing can ensure the bearing has an outstanding smooth effect; the lack of oil and too much oil are also very simple to constitute the bearing fault; the oil is less simple The bearing is made of poor smoothness and heat; if it is added, it will simply constitute mixing and overheating; therefore, it is necessary to give oil in the protection; the hygiene of the smooth grease of the bearing is also very important; once other impurities and moisture are dropped into the grease, it will affect the normal. The clearance and the establishment of the necessary oil film.
2.1.3 bearing use time is too long; beyond the service life of the bearing and simply constitute the fatigue of the raw material; plus the intense impact effect to deform the raw material; the roller, the raceway surface peeling, rolling; then constitute Smoothness and increased oscillation.
2.2 The influence of the device on the bearing 2.1.2 The bearing inner ring and the shaft have a gap in the interference gap; it is also very simple to constitute a bearing fault; the interference is large; it is very simple to form the bearing inner ring due to excessive tensile stress And cracked; the amount of over-exposure.
2.2.2 bearing assembly cooperation gap cooperation is not appropriate; it also constitutes a simple bearing fault; small clearance is very simple to form a roller and raceway conflict heat; followed by rising temperature; bearing inner ring, roll body, cage, The temperature of the outer ring and the end cap are not the same; there is a temperature difference between them; therefore, the amount of expansion is also slightly different; that is, the further reduction of the cooperative gap is formed; the heat generation of the bearing is added. The gap is too large; the oscillation of the roller Increase; increase the impact of the roller and the raceway; together, it is easy to form uneven distribution of internal load; load roller reduction; central roller load is too large.
2.2.3 When assembling the bearing, do not follow the process requirements; use the copper hammer to impact the bearing; constitute the deformation of the cage; the traction motor bearing inner and outer ring device is incorrect or other reasons cause the axial traverse amount to disappear; the bearing shaft is squeezed.

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