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Due to the high temperature and humidity throughout the growing season of summer maize, corn is highly susceptible to various diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to focus on improving seed quality, cultivating strong seedlings, and laying a solid foundation for the entire growth cycle. To ensure healthy development of the corn, the following key points should be considered during planting:
First, it is important to use coated seeds or treat uncoated seeds before sowing. For seed treatment, you can use 50% carbendazim wettable powder or rust powder at a rate of 0.2% to 0.3% of the seed weight, mixed with an appropriate amount of water. This helps prevent diseases such as smut, root rot, and other fungal infections. Additionally, using 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate at a similar concentration can effectively control underground pests.
Second, pay attention to the timing of planting. The saying "Spring is the day, summer is the time" highlights the importance of early planting in summer corn, which has been shown to significantly increase yield.
Third, ensure that the seeding speed does not exceed 4 km/h to maintain uniform planting and avoid uneven distribution of seeds.
Fourth, the optimal sowing depth for summer maize is between 3 and 5 cm. Planting too deep can lower soil temperature, delay germination, and cause weak seedlings. It is recommended to plant as shallow as possible while maintaining sufficient soil moisture to promote strong root development.
Fifth, maintain a stable seeding rate of approximately 2.5 kg per mu. The density depends on the variety: semi-compact types should have around 3,500 to 4,000 plants per mu, while compact varieties require higher densities, typically 4,000 to 4,500 plants per mu.
Lastly, apply seed fertilizer carefully. Typically, no more than 5 kg per mu is used, and the fertilizer should be placed at least 10 cm away from the seeds. If irrigation is available after sowing, the amount can be increased to about 15 kg per mu.
By following these guidelines, farmers can enhance the overall health and productivity of their summer maize crops, ensuring better yields and stronger plant growth.