Tianjin Alcoa International Trade Co., Ltd. , https://www.tjalcoa.com
**First, the symptoms of eggplant verticillium wilt:**
Eggplant verticillium wilt is a common fungal disease that affects the plant after transplanting. Initially, the lower leaves show symptoms, starting with yellowing and gradually spreading to the entire leaf. The affected leaves may turn brown, with the edges dying or the whole leaf becoming necrotic. When the stem is cut open, the xylem vascular bundles often appear brown, indicating infection. This disease can significantly reduce yield and even lead to plant death if not managed properly.
**Control methods for eggplant verticillium wilt:**
1. **Crop rotation and soil improvement**: Rotate crops regularly to avoid continuous planting in the same area. Apply well-decomposed organic manure along with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Use mulch in greenhouses to increase soil temperature and promote root development.
2. **Remove infected plants**: As soon as diseased plants are identified, they should be removed and destroyed immediately to prevent the spread of the pathogen.
3. **Soil disinfection**: Apply 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a rate of 5 kg per acre, mix it into the soil, and then plow. During the growing season, you can also use a diluted solution of 50% carbendazim (500 times) or 500 times 50% A irrigation solution. Apply 0.25 kg per plant every 10 days, repeating this 2-3 times for effective control.
4. **Grafting**: Graft eggplants onto wild rootstocks. This method helps prevent and treat verticillium wilt while also improving the plant's tolerance to low temperatures.
**Second, the symptoms of whitefly infestation on eggplants:**
Whiteflies commonly occur in greenhouses and can complete more than 10 generations per year, with overlapping life cycles. Adult whiteflies feed on the sap of the upper leaves, causing the leaves to become chlorotic and yellow. This feeding weakens the plant and can lead to stunted growth. Additionally, the honeydew excreted by whiteflies can promote the growth of sooty mold, further damaging the plant.
**Control methods for whiteflies:**
1. **Fumigation with aerosols**: Use 22% Tianqiling aerosol to fumigate the greenhouse, which helps eliminate residual insects, remove weeds, and control external insect sources. Proper crop rotation within the greenhouse is also essential.
2. **Chemical control**: Apply 25% buprofezin wettable powder at a dilution of 2500 times, or 2.5% deltamethrin at 2000–3000 times. Alternatively, use 40% EC at 2500 times for spraying. These treatments help manage whitefly populations effectively.
By implementing these measures, farmers can significantly reduce the impact of both verticillium wilt and whitefly infestations on their eggplant crops.
*Source: Pingxiang County Agricultural Bureau, Hebei Province*