The main roots of the radish grow rapidly during the early stages, causing the outer cortex to harden gradually. As the internal cells develop more slowly, excessive rainwater during this swelling phase can lead to rapid expansion of secondary xylem parenchyma cells. This causes the pericarp to harden, but the swelling cannot keep up, resulting in cracks on the outer skin and ultimately leading to cracked roots. To prevent this, it's important to maintain even watering throughout the growth period of the main root. Consistent moisture helps ensure balanced development and reduces the risk of cracking. In some cases, the lateral roots of the radish may grow into a "bifurcation" or splitting pattern. This phenomenon is often caused by several factors. First, poor soil quality—such as shallow layers with lots of gravel—can restrict the main root’s growth, pushing nutrients toward the lateral roots instead. Second, undecomposed organic fertilizer can generate heat in the soil, damaging the main root’s growth point and encouraging lateral root formation. Third, overcrowded planting can cause the main roots to bend, leading to the development of side roots. Finally, damage from agricultural activities like weeding can also cause the root to split. To address these issues, it's recommended to plant radishes in deep, loose, and nutrient-rich soils. Proper cultivation techniques, such as using fully decomposed organic fertilizers as base fertilizer and timely thinning of seedlings, can help avoid root splitting. Ensuring good soil aeration and avoiding over-crowding are also key steps in preventing bifurcation. During the autumn season, radishes are prone to problems when exposed to high temperatures and drought conditions, especially if the soil dries out and then becomes wet again. Planting too early and harvesting too late can also contribute to these issues. For optimal radish cultivation, choose loamy soil that is deep and well-drained. After the radish has “broken belly†(the stage where the root begins to swell), balance water and fertilizer carefully to avoid uneven moisture levels. Harvest the radishes once the main root is fully developed to ensure the best quality. Black heart and black skin are two common issues in radishes. The first cause is black rot, which occurs when the root is damaged. The inner tissue becomes dark and hollow, and the core turns black. The second cause is soil compaction, often due to improperly decomposed organic fertilizer, which can lead to blackening of both the skin and the core. To manage black rot, it’s important to sow at the right time and avoid continuous cropping. Planting in low-lying areas should be avoided, and early application of streptomycin at a concentration of 72% can help control the disease. Apply it 3 times every 7–10 days, and spray 3–4 times for better results. Additionally, improving soil aeration and using well-decomposed organic fertilizer as a base can reduce the risk of black heart and black skin.    Copper Wire,Copper Wire Processing，High-Purity Copper Wire Dongguan Jiufukai Hardware Products Co., Ltd , https://www.jfkspring.com
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