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In autumn, vegetables are highly vulnerable to pests and diseases, and cultivation and management are more difficult. It is necessary to adopt “three strengthening†management to achieve high quality, high yield and high efficiency of vegetables.
Fertilizer Management
At present, vegetables are in a critical period of growth, and some have entered the harvesting period. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water. Fertilization should follow the principle of “multiple application of organic fertilizer and less application of chemical fertilizerâ€. Leafy vegetables (such as cabbage, celery, etc.) should be based on nitrogen fertilizer and calcium fertilizer, supplemented by potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and some medium and trace elements (calcium). , zinc, magnesium, etc., with a certain foliar fertilizer (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.); fruits and vegetables (such as watermelon, melon, tomatoes, etc.) should be mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer, increase some medium and Application of trace element fertilizer; root vegetables (such as carrots and white radish) are mainly potassium fertilizer, supplemented by phosphate fertilizer and medium and trace element fertilizer. Watering and drainage should be done properly. Pay attention to strengthen watering and small water during the drought, and keep dry and wet. When the amount of precipitation is large, pay attention to drainage and digging the drainage ditch. In particular, root vegetables and melon vegetables are greatly affected, and water accumulation is likely to cause diseases such as roots and rot. At the same time, after the heavy rain (in the case of good drainage), the well water is poured to lower the ground temperature, and the watering can be combined with fertilization.
Field Management
1. weeding. Always weed and weed, do not loosen the soil, so as not to hurt the roots. Try not to use herbicides, which have a greater impact on the growth of vegetables.
2. Riddle, ridge. For ridged vegetables (such as cabbage and green onions), it is necessary to cultivate the ridges in time due to rainfall or watering. The vegetables that have not had ridges should be ploughed according to the actual conditions of vegetable growth, so that the drainage is smooth and there is no water. Reduce disease.
3. Plant finishing. For scaffolding vegetables (such as cucumber, beans, tomatoes, etc.), plant finishing (snoring, picking old leaves, diseased leaves) should be carried out in time to facilitate ventilation and light transmission and increase the fruit setting rate. Summer solanaceous vegetables should be lightly leafy so that the fruit is hidden under the leaves as much as possible, avoiding direct sunlight. The peripheral leaves of the plants cannot be removed, but the inner leaves are to be removed to increase the permeability of the plants. It should be noted that after finishing, wiping, and leaf thinning, the fruit often suffers from sunburn due to sudden exposure to the sun. For watermelons, pumpkins, etc., the vines should be reasonable, and the control group should not be too large, so as to enhance the disease resistance.
Pest Control
Vegetables mainly cause blight, viral diseases, soft rot, downy mildew, root rot, powdery mildew, bean wild mites, mites, etc., as well as some physiological diseases such as cracked fruit, fruit drop, and poor growth. Vegetable farmers should adhere to the principle of “prevention of prevention and treatment as a supplement†and advocate the use of biological pesticides.
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