Scientists develop new type of waterproof armor that can withstand scratches

The hydrophobic coating on the surface of the object helps to maintain the sterility of medical equipment, de-icing the aircraft wings, and maintaining the cleanliness of solar panels. Thanks to nanostructures, these coatings allow water droplets to slide down efficiently, thereby avoiding the accumulation of dirt, germs or other pollutants. However, one of the major drawbacks of current common nano-coatings is poor scratch resistance. The good news is that scientists from Aalto University in Finland and China University of Electronic Technology have developed a special waterproof armor.

Cross-sectional view (from: Aalto University)

Normally, nano-hydrophobic coatings use a "forest-like" structure raised on the substrate, but unfortunately these structures are quite fragile and will quickly wear out over time, causing that part of the region to quickly lose its hydrophobicity.

However, scientists from Aalto University in Finland and China University of Electronic Technology have developed a special coating armor, claiming to be an effective way to solve such problems.

The process includes etching a honeycomb pattern grid in the shape of a nano inverted pyramid onto a substrate such as metal, glass, or ceramic, and then applying a super-hydrophobic chemical coating to the inside of the pyramid.

In this way, when a sharp blade or sandpaper or other tool is used to scratch the armor surface, the ridges between the pyramids can prevent it from falling into the interior of the structure to protect the waterproof coating underneath.

In addition, the scientists have specially treated the surface to make it resistant to high-pressure water jets, extreme humidity, soaking in corrosive chemicals for several hours, and baking at 100°C (212°F) for several weeks .

Even after the rigorous tests mentioned above, the new waterproof armor coating can still maintain the super-hydrophobic properties on the surface of the object.

Details about this study have been published in the recently published "Nature" journal with the original title "Design of robust superhydrophobic Surfaces".

Professor Robin Ras of Aalto University added: "We have made honeycomb-shaped coated armor from materials of different sizes and shapes. Its advantage lies in the versatility of various materials, allowing us to flexibly design various durable Waterproof surface".