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Apple micro-cracking after bag removal is a common issue that can significantly affect fruit quality. This phenomenon occurs in two main scenarios: first, when the fruit develops wrinkles while still in the bag, and once the bag is removed, the damage becomes more severe; second, when no immediate issues are observed during bag removal, but micro-cracking and wrinkling occur shortly after the fruit starts coloring, often leading to softness and reduced marketability.
The primary cause of this problem lies in the temperature fluctuations within the bag during the early to mid-growth stages of the apple. During the day, temperatures inside the bag can often exceed 50°C, whereas under normal conditions, the ideal range should be between 35°C and 45°C. The short first expansion period of the fruit causes growth to stop prematurely, resulting in thin and tender skin inside the bag. Once the bag is removed, if sufficient water is available, the fruit may experience a rapid secondary expansion. This rapid cell division in the flesh, combined with slower division in the pericarp, leads to micro-cracking. As the fruit loses water, it shrinks and becomes soft. Additionally, calcium deficiency in the fruit can exacerbate this condition.
To prevent wrinkling and micro-cracking in bagged apples, several measures can be taken:
1. After experiencing high temperatures and drought during the flowering stage, it's advisable to spray water intermittently in the evening—before and after sunset—until the leaf surface shows signs of dripping. Adding 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or calcium amino acid to the water can enhance the effectiveness of the irrigation.
2. Spraying a 2% solution of amino acid calcium during the first and second fruit expansion periods can improve fruit quality. Evening applications tend to yield better results.
3. Applying naphthalene acetic acid once during the early to mid-stage of the second fruit expansion can help regulate growth and reduce the risk of cracking.
4. During the fruit coloring phase, it’s important to carefully remove leaves and turn the fruits to ensure even exposure to sunlight, which promotes uniform ripening and reduces stress on the fruit.
By implementing these strategies, growers can significantly reduce the occurrence of micro-cracking and maintain the quality of their bagged apples, ensuring better yields and higher market value.