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Infrared cameras have become widely used across various fields such as video surveillance, home monitoring, and commercial applications. Their versatility makes them an essential tool in numerous industries. Not only do they bring convenience to our daily lives, but they also play a crucial role in enhancing public safety and security. So, how exactly do infrared surveillance cameras work?
An infrared surveillance camera is a device that combines a camera, protective housing, infrared LEDs, power supply, and cooling system into one unit. The basic principle behind night vision involves using a standard CCD black-and-white camera that can detect both visible and infrared light. Infrared light acts as a "light source" for imaging in low-light or no-light conditions. The performance of the camera depends on several factors, including the power and angle of the infrared LEDs, the configuration of the camera, the focal length of the infrared lens, and the efficiency of the power supply and cooling system.
Traditionally, visible light was used for night vision, but this method has limitations, such as being easily detected by the target, making it less effective. Today, hidden and advanced night vision systems often use infrared dome cameras, which are more discreet and efficient.
Infrared camera technology can be categorized into two types: passive and active. Passive infrared cameras detect the natural infrared radiation emitted by objects, which is present in all matter above absolute zero (-273°C). The hotter an object is, the more infrared radiation it emits. These cameras are commonly known as thermal imagers and are typically used in military or specialized applications due to their high cost. On the other hand, active infrared cameras emit their own infrared light, which is then reflected back to the camera from the surrounding environment. This allows for clear imaging even in complete darkness. Active infrared technology is well-established, reliable, and widely used in modern surveillance systems.
Most night vision surveillance systems today rely on infrared cameras. This is not only because the technology is mature and stable, but also because it offers excellent value for money, making it accessible to a wide range of users. Additionally, these systems are easy to operate and maintain, further contributing to their popularity. Whether for home security, business protection, or public safety, infrared cameras continue to prove their worth in a variety of real-world applications.