[ALUMINIUM NETWORK] Aluminum alloys are prone to oxidation and gas absorption during the smelting process, as they come into direct contact with furnace gases or the surrounding atmosphere. If the process control is not precise, these alloys can easily absorb gases, leading to the formation of pores in the final casting. The most common type of pore is known as pinholes—small voids typically less than 1 mm in diameter. These pinholes are usually round and distributed unevenly throughout the casting, particularly in thick sections where the cooling rate is slower. Based on their distribution and shape, pinholes in aluminum alloys can be classified into three main types. Bent Tempered Glass,Glass Art,Curved Glass,Curved Tempered Glass SHANDONG TOP LEADER GLASS CO.,LTD , https://www.topleaderglass.com
1. Mesh pinholes: These appear as a dense network of small pores within the microstructure, often accompanied by a few larger voids. It’s challenging to count the number of pinholes per unit area or accurately measure their size due to their irregular arrangement.
2. Dot-shaped pinholes: These are clearly defined, round voids visible under low magnification. They are scattered and non-continuous, making it easy to count the number of pinholes per square centimeter and measure their diameters. This type of porosity is distinct from shrinkage cavities or other defects.
3. Composite pores: This category represents an intermediate form between mesh and dot-shaped pinholes. Under low magnification, there are numerous large voids, but unlike dot-shaped ones, they tend to be polygonal rather than round.
In practical production, it has been confirmed that hydrogen is the primary gas absorbed by aluminum alloys during the melting process. There is no fixed pattern for this occurrence, and it's common for most castings to exhibit some degree of pinholing. Regardless of composition, various types of aluminum alloys are susceptible to this issue. Understanding and controlling gas absorption is therefore crucial in achieving high-quality castings.
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