Solar Green Lighting Installation
1. Introduction to Solar Cells
Solar cells are one of the most promising technologies in the renewable energy sector, and they are evolving at a rapid pace. Over the next decade, it is expected that the average efficiency of solar cells will increase significantly, reaching around 30%. At the same time, the cost of these systems is projected to drop by more than 50%, making them more accessible and economically viable for a wide range of applications. In the future, half of the power used for lighting could come from solar energy, creating a truly green illumination system that spans from one PN junction to another. Essentially, a solar cell is a large-scale PN junction, while an LED is a small PN junction that converts electrical energy into light. As technology advances, the efficiency of LEDs is expected to match that of energy-saving lamps, with lifespans exceeding 100,000 hours. This represents a real step toward sustainable and environmentally friendly lighting solutions.2. The Function of Solar Batteries
Solar batteries play a crucial role in ensuring the stability and longevity of solar-powered systems. Their main functions include: 1) Protection against overcharging and overdischarging, which helps prevent damage to the battery. 2) Automatic restoration of discharge function after charging, ensuring consistent performance. 3) Anti-reverse charge protection, preventing energy from flowing back from the battery to the solar panel. 4) Temperature compensation, adjusting performance based on environmental conditions. 5) Automatic on/off control, turning the lights on at night and disconnecting the load during the day. 6) A maximum discharge current of 5A, allowing efficient use of stored energy. These features make solar batteries essential components in any solar lighting system, ensuring reliable and safe operation under various conditions.3. Solar Green Lighting Circuit
The core concept behind time-sharing and voltage-dividing control in solar lamps is to manage the input power according to the varying needs of users throughout the night and the energy absorption capacity of the solar panels during the day. This approach allows for the design of solar lighting systems that meet the minimum cost requirements while still functioning effectively even in the worst weather conditions. This control circuit is particularly suitable for lawn lamps that use 12 LEDs as the light source. It includes circuits for turbulence control, light detection, pulse width modulation (PWM), and battery voltage monitoring. Pin 1 serves as the enable terminal, pin 2 is the power supply, pin 4 is the load current adjustment port, pin 5 controls the switch, and pin 8 is the ground terminal. Pins 3, 6, and 7 are floating. By adjusting the resistance of R4, the operating current of the LEDs can be controlled. The maximum allowable current is 500mA, and the current is minimized when R4 is grounded. J1 represents the solar battery, J2 is the power switch, and J3 is a 2-cell Ni-MH battery. To minimize voltage drop, Schottky diodes can be used for VD1 and VDZ. Adjusting R5 and R6 allows for setting the battery's overvoltage protection level, while changing R7 and RZ adjusts the time-sharing control settings. This circuit ensures sufficient lighting duration while keeping the cost of the solar battery as low as possible, offering excellent value for money and long-term reliability.Cast Steel Ball,Mill Chrome Steel Balls,High Chromium Steel Balls,Wear-Resistant Cast Iron Ball
Xuzhou Surun wear-resistant material Co., LTD , https://www.suruntools.com