Grinding machine application of frequency converter in the machining industry

1 Introduction:

Grinding machines used in standard machining, grinding wheel motors are operated according to the traditional starting circuit. After the motor starts, it runs at the rated speed. Because the grid voltage has a certain fluctuation of the grinding machine, the grinding load of the grinder workpiece grinder changes the grinding machine, which will affect the motor grinding machine speed error. The standard grinding wheel motor starting circuit generally has only one processing speed, which is difficult to adapt to different workpiece size grinders. Different grinding machines are required to process the relative linear velocity, so that the precision of the machining of the workpiece grinding machine is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, from the aspects of improving processing quality processing efficiency and saving energy, the frequency conversion speed regulation technology is applied to the grinding machine, and the satisfactory grinding machine effect can be received.

There are many kinds of grinding machines processed by grinding machines in the machining industry. The size and size of the workpieces are different, and the machining accuracy is required to be different. Relative grinding machines require different grinding wheel speeds in the spindle grinding machine. It is difficult to adjust the spindle grinding machine speed to meet the workpiece grinding line speed. Moreover, due to the bending stress of the grinding machine generated by the shaft machining process, the grinding wheel will produce different grinding wheel torques, which will result in different grinding wheel output speed/torque change, and the corresponding grinding machine will produce vibration knife pattern/burning paste, etc. The grinding accuracy is difficult to guarantee, resulting in low production efficiency and low quality.

With the development of power electronics technology grinding machines, frequency conversion speed technology grinding machines are becoming more and more popular, and the application of frequency converter grinding machines in the machining industry receives good grinding results. Inverter grinding machine stepless speed regulation, soft start, constant torque output, great grinding machine meets the requirements of mechanical processing equipment for constant speed / constant torque grinding machine.

2. Grinding machine processing grinding machine load characteristics:

According to the size of the grinding machine of different grinding rod shaft type, the grinding speed of the main grinding wheel motor is equal to the rotation speed of the grinding wheel output grinding machine. The size of the grinding force grinder depends on the output torque of the grinding wheel motor grinding machine. Drive the workpiece rotary grinding machine spindle motor grinding machine high-speed section, relative to the grinding wheel output speed, the diameter of the workpiece of the grinding machine is small, the grinding feed is less; when processing large diameter, long-axis workpiece, the workpiece rotates the grinding machine motor low speed section, the grinding wheel advances When the amount is large, the grinding force of the grinding wheel is also increased, and the motor is difficult to operate at constant torque/constant speed. Changes in the speed grinder produce changes in the grinding machine such as vibrating knife/burning grain/machining accuracy. The variable frequency speed motor grinding machine has stepless speed regulation, and the constant torque output can make up for the above defects.

3. Inverter grinding machine selection:

According to the characteristics of the grinding machine of the system, considering the investment cost of the equipment required for the machining of the grinding machine, the selection of the grinding machine with automatic torque lifting function vector inverter. Taking the SANCH-S2000 series as an example, the 18.5KW/15KW grinding machine inverter is selected according to the grinding wheel motor power. The 15KW is taken as an example. The rated voltage is three-phase 380V, the output current is 32A, the frequency control is 0.5-400HZ, and the speed control is 0.1%. Load capacity 150% / 60S. With automatic torque boosting, flexible PWM control for lower noise operation, more than 10 stages of grinding speed control.

4. System grinding machine start and speed adjustment:

The grinding wheel of the main grinding wheel of the grinding machine adopts a star-delta conversion starting circuit. Replace the original circuit with the inverter, and use the normal contactor of the original contactor to control the running of the inverter. Consider the inertia of the grinding wheel to start the grinding machine. The soft start time of the inverter is set to 10S, and the stop braking time is set to 15S. The grinding wheel starting torque of the type grinder can be adjusted between 50% and 80%. The system speed is adjusted by the external adjustable potentiometer, and the grinding machine adapts to the speed adjustment according to the diameter of the workpiece. The motor is limited by the mechanical strength/noise/vibration of the grinding machine at high speed. The maximum frequency of the motor is set to 60HZ; the motor is cooled due to the low speed. The effect is poor. Consider the actual maximum workpiece size of the workpiece rotating grinder. The lowest frequency is set to 35HZ and the reference frequency is set to 50HZ.

From the analysis of the load characteristics of the front grinder, it can be known that the high speed section has a constant power property, the low speed section has a constant torque property, and the load requires a large torque at a low speed and a strong overload capability. Above the motor reference frequency, in order to ensure that the motor is not under pressure, constant voltage frequency control is adopted. According to the motor theory, when the voltage is constant and the frequency is increased, the magnetic flux of the grinding machine at each pole of the motor decreases with the increase of the frequency grinder; when the motor current is the rated current, the maximum allowable output torque is reduced, and the allowable output is obtained. Constant power, constant power speed regulation, suitable for constant power loads. Below the fundamental frequency, in order to ensure that the magnetic flux at each pole of the motor is constant, the V/F=constant grinding machine is used to change the frequency conversion speed regulation. When the current of the motor grinding machine is the rated current, the allowable output torque of the motor is constant, which belongs to the constant torque adjustment. Speed, suitable for constant torque loads. However, when the speed is low, the internal resistance of the motor can not be neglected. If the V/F is kept constant, the motor torque will be reduced, and the load of the grinding machine with high load at the low speed cannot be satisfied, and the performance of the grinding machine with strong overload capability is adopted. The grinder torque automatic compensation function is selected to correct the grinder V/F curve after compensation.

5. System design grinder precautions:

The grinding wheel balance grinding machine should be improved in accuracy: the motor should be operated at the rated speed. In order to reduce the vibration of the grinding machine at high speed, the dynamic balance of the motor grinding wheel grinding machine should be improved and corrected.

Low-speed grinding machine heat dissipation: Because the motor is self-cooling fan cooling, the heat dissipation condition is worse at low speed, and the load torque is larger, the motor temperature will increase, so the minimum speed grinder is set to the motor surface temperature difference does not exceed the allowable value. in accordance with.

In the frequency conversion speed regulation, the inverter output contains high-order harmonics, and the motor will generate electromagnetic noise. Therefore, a zero-phase noise filter should be installed at the output end to reduce the auxiliary radiation interference and the induction noise.

The inverter grinding machine parameter setting item is important to lock the functions of reverse/high frequency/stall!

In this paper, the application of grinding machine in grinding machine machining industry is analyzed in detail. As the main motor of the grinding machine of the power grinding machine, the frequency conversion speed regulation technology is introduced to adapt to the needs of various different types of grinding grinding machines, improve the work efficiency and improve the shaft type. Grinding grinding machine processing quality, saving energy. Combined with the actual on-site grinder application, the operator's reaction is more convenient, the surface is smooth and the image is high, and the yield is greatly improved.

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