Application Prospect of Nanomaterials in Ship Coatings

Nanomaterials have great application space in the field of naval ship equipment, and ship coating is one of the important application directions.

First, stealth coating

A very important role of ship coatings is as part of the stealth material of the ship. The special effects of nanomaterials provide new ways and new absorbing mechanisms for stealth materials. According to research, nano-multilayer composite films (including multilayer particle film, inorganic/organic multilayer composite film, metal/dielectric multilayer composite film, etc.) are expected to be new materials for preparing high-strength and microwave absorption with certain bandwidth. A company in the United States uses an ultra-fine ceramic ball powder in a protective coating for equipment that provides the invisibility of the equipment and can be applied to electronic equipment to deal with electrical interference. The absorption rate for radar waves is up to 99%, while the thickness is only micron.

The composite powder of nano-alumina, iron oxide, silicon oxide and titanium oxide has strong absorption properties in the mid-infrared band, and the composite has good shielding effect on the infrared detector of the band. . Adding such materials to the coating has excellent absorption of radar waves, good absorption and dissipation of infrared rays, and obvious stealth function.

The key technology of submarine camouflage coatings is the wet reflectivity and aging resistance of the coating. The use of nanoscale dark pigments such as carbon black, iron black and other dark pigments may be one of the effective ways to reduce the wet reflectance and aging resistance of camouflage coatings.

Second, the hull paint and the bottom antifouling coating

The agglomerate of nano-silica is an amorphous white powder with a three-dimensional network structure on the surface. It has strong ultraviolet absorption and infrared light reflection characteristics, which can improve the anti-aging performance of the coating. Nano titanium dioxide also has the effect of absorbing ultraviolet rays, which can improve the aging resistance of the coating. They are both essential additives for the development of super weather resistant hull paints.

Marine antifouling coatings have always been one of the most special and most difficult materials in marine coatings. Due to the increasing emphasis on environmental protection in countries around the world, the time limit for the total ban on the use of organotin antifouling agents is a certain time. The development of new and efficient antifouling agents has become the focus of researchers in marine paints in various countries. The use of nano-scale antifouling agents, such as nano-sized cuprous oxide, nano-zinc oxide, etc., may be an effective way, or micro-capsule technology, using a water-soluble resin material to coat the nano antifoulant fine powder to form particles, Reconstituted in the coating, in practical applications, the microcapsules gradually dissolve due to the action of seawater, and the antifouling agent is slowly and effectively released to achieve a stable and long-lasting antifouling function.

Third, antibacterial coating

Nano-materials such as nano-titanium dioxide and nano-zinc oxide can be used as an antibacterial agent which is non-toxic to the human body, has a wide antibacterial range and excellent thermal stability. Non-metallic materials and coatings used in ship cabins are prone to mold and contamination due to the often polluted environment in humid and small spaces, especially in subtropical and tropical marine environments. The antibacterial action of nano materials can be utilized to prepare new high-efficiency antibacterial and mildewproof materials and coatings in the cabin.

Fourth, ship flame retardant coating

The fire protection capability of a ship is a key factor affecting the safety of the ship, especially the combat effectiveness and survivability of the ship. Some nano particles have flame retardant functions. For example, nano zinc oxide can be added as a flame retardant to ship cabin interior materials or formulated into a flame retardant coating to improve the fire resistance of non-metallic decorative materials and flame retardant coatings.

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