Pollution-free vegetable pest control technology

In the production of pollution-free vegetables, in addition to the cultivation measures, the use of high-efficiency, low-toxic chemical agents and reasonable methods for pest control, reduce pesticide residues, improve vegetable quality, improve product competitiveness in the market, and protect the vegetable field environment. , has a very important meaning. The following is a brief introduction to the methods of pest control commonly used in the production of pollution-free vegetables.
1. Protecting the ground, dehumidifying and water-saving control diseases For the cultivation of protected areas, the drip irrigation technology under the film should be promoted in production. The drip irrigation under the film can save more than 60% water than the clear water irrigation, and at the same time reduce the space humidity, which is very important for controlling diseases. It is beneficial to control after the disease occurs.
2. In the process of rational mixing of pesticides and pests, the problem of mixed use of medicines and fertilizers is often encountered. When it is necessary to mix medicines and fertilizers, the pesticide instructions should be carefully read to prevent the failure of mixed use or phytotoxicity to vegetables. The order is first of all microfertilizer, followed by a wettable powder, a suspension, a liquid, and finally an emulsion.
3. Reasonable time for medication When using pest control, pay attention to the use of advanced control techniques such as dust, aerosol and biological agents. When spraying on the foliar surface, it is advisable to apply the medicine in the afternoon on a sunny day to avoid causing phytotoxicity to burn the seedlings.
4. Sterilization of the shed The purpose is to kill the bacteria and eggs, usually after the net shed, 3 days before the planting, the pharmacy. For example, each cubic meter of greenhouse space is sulphur powder 2 ~ 4 grams + 80% dichlorvos 0.1 grams + 8 grams of sawdust, mixed and piled into small piles to ignite in the evening, and the shed is released after 24 hours.
5. Seedbed disinfection seedbed prevention disease can choose soil special fungicide (single dose or mixture), can also be mixed with 50% carbendazim plus 50% Fumei double in a ratio of 1:1, 15 grams per square meter seedbed The uniform agent is 15 kg of finely sifted fine soil. Usage: The seedbed is filled with water. After the water is infiltrated, 1/3 of the soil is spread on the surface as a turn-over soil. 2/3 is used as the soil after sowing. The seedling stage should not be watered as much as possible, especially in winter and spring production. After emergence, it can be used to prevent seedling disease by using metalaxyl or cytotoxic or 72.2% Plex water 600 times solution, and control the blight with methyl thiophanate and carbendazim.
6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases after transplanting 6.1 Disinfection of vegetable soils can be sprayed or poured with 7% of 75% of the 667 square meters of water, and the plants are softly rotted, tomato plague, anthrax, melons withered , tripping, anthrax, etc. are all effective. It can also be applied in the cavity when carbendazim plus thiram is applied to the toxic soil (see item 5), and the effect is also good.
6.2 Prevention of bacterial diseases In vegetable fields, 2 to 3 kg of copper sulfate per 667 square meters is applied to water or with water to prevent bacterial diseases, control the occurrence of fungi and viral diseases, and supplement the copper ions needed for crop growth. One application can supply the crop with nutrients for one to one and a half years.
6.3 Prevention and control of viral diseases Spray treatment of potassium permanganate solution with a content of one thousandth can be sprayed in the seedling stage and after pruning of crops, which has certain effects on preventing and controlling viral diseases, and pay attention to prevention and control of aphids and reds. Pests such as spiders.
6.4 Prevention and control of gray mold can use carbendazim (methicillin or polymyroxil), vinyl nucleus (also known as Nongliling), kekeling (Pythium) and other agents, must pay attention to several agents Alternate use.
6.5 Prevention and control 蝼蛄 You can use the poisonous cockroach to trap, use the fried semi-ripe wheat bran or rice bran 5 kg plus dichlorvos 100 g or 50 g of phoxim and mix well. In the evening, in the vegetable field, the sea is piled up in a small pile and buried in a small pile.
6.6 Prevention and control of locusts and spiders can be controlled by yellow plate. Use 20 cm to 5 cm yellow plate, the height is slightly higher than the crop, and the piece is vertical every 10 meters. The combination of chemical control should be combined with speed and slow control. The protective land is treated with a smoke agent; the cockroach pests are controlled with avermectin, hydrazine and ketamine.
6.7 Prevention and control of cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm For the pests such as cotton bollworm and tobacco budworm on vegetables such as tomatoes and peppers, it can be controlled by Gongxin emulsifiable concentrate (Kungfu + phoxim) and octyl chloride emulsifier (phoxim + cypermethrin). Note that such compounding agents should be used as needed.
6.8 Prevention and control of locusts, whiteflies and moths and insects in greenhouses In recent years, the whitefly and the larvae of the larvae have serious occurrences. The method of using insect nets to isolate adults has a good control effect, and can be set at the ventilating opening of the shed. A 45-mesh insect net prevents the invasion of pests.
6.9 Prevention of sunburn The vegetables cultivated in summer and autumn can be shaded by sunshade nets to reduce the intensity of solar radiation. This method is effective in preventing sunburn of vegetables such as solanaceous fruits.
6.10 Prevention of tomato cracking In addition to mastering the watering technique, when the fruit turns red, leaving the side branches (without leaves on the side branches) can reduce the degree of cracking.
Article source: China Agriculture Network
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